Cartwright, Mark. The old regime had fallen. Intent on winning Venetian domination of the trade in the east, he well remembered his undignified expulsion from Constantinople when he served as an ambassador. In addition, the Pope would achieve the supremacy of the western Church once and for all and the Crusader knights would not only gain revenge on the duplicitous Byzantines for their unhelpful support of previous Crusades but also surely pick up some glory and handsome booty in the process. For only $5 per month you can become a member and support our mission to engage people with cultural heritage and to improve history education worldwide. Available as a Kindle eBook. The Sack of Constantinople, 1453. The Fourth Crusade Citizens were raped & massacred, buildings were torched & churches desecrated. The Pope was not best pleased to hear the news that Christian Zara had been sacked in November 1202 CE, and he promptly excommunicated the Crusaders and the Venetians. Despite the pleadings of a series of popes, including Pius II, who personally took the Crusade vow but died before the expedition began, Western rulers were not interested in undertaking … One Crusader was especially keen on the plan - Philip of Swabia, king of Germany (r. 1198-1208 CE), whose wife Irene was the sister of Alexios IV. Ancient History Encyclopedia. Sailing in with their fleet and attacking the sea walls and land walls simultaneously with siege engines and scaling ladders, even the elite Varangian Guard could not prevent the attackers forcing their way into the city. The Fourth Crusade and the sack of Constantinople Posted on April 9, 2012 by Tony McMahon 6 Comments. The Crusaders claimed to be Christians on a mission to free holy sites from infidels (a dubious mission in its own right), and instead they raped, robbed, and murdered other Christians. The sack of Constantinople by armies of the Fourth Crusade in 1204 ranks as one of the odder and most lamentable events of the broader medieval crusading movement. Bibliography In 1205 CE, following the death of Baldwin in a Bulgarian prison, William I Champlitte and Geoffrey I Villehardouin (nephew of the historian of the same name) founded a Latin principality in the Peloponnese while the French duke Othon de la Roche grabbed Attica and Boeotia. The western powers had agreed to back Alexios IV Angelos, the son of the deposed Byzantine emperor Isaac Angelos II (r. 1185-1195 CE) and promised to return his father (then imprisoned in Constantinople) to the throne if he promised to help the Crusaders with money, soldiers, and supplies. Historians debate the causes of the crusaders straying so far from their original … The Queen of Cities, now in the hands of Islam, became known as Istanbul. As well as being stolen, works of immeasurable artistic value were destroyed merely for their material value. The Sack of Constantinople occurred in April 1204 and marked the culmination of the Fourth Crusade.Crusader armies captured, looted, and destroyed parts of Constantinople, the capital of the Byzantine Empire.After the capture of the city, the Latin Empire (known to the Byzantines as the Frankokratia or the Latin Occupation) was established and Baldwin of Flanders was crowned Emperor … At the next games following the executions, the Blues and Greens, as well as … The diversion of the Fourth Crusade from the Holy Land to attack, capture, and pillage the Byzantine city of Constantinople divided and dissipated the efforts of the Christians to maintain the war against the Muslims. Monumental sculptures, countless artworks, books, manuscripts, and jewels which had been steadily accumulated by emperors and nobles over a millennium were all stripped away and either destroyed or melted down for coinage. The world had lost something great and undefinable, as powerfully summarised here by the historian J. J. Norwich: By the sack of Constantinople, Western civilization suffered a loss greater than the burning of the library of Alexandria in the fourth century or the sack of Rome in the fifth - perhaps the most catastrophic single loss in all history. It is very likely that not only it would survive but keep thriving for these couple of hundreds of years or more. Meanwhile exiled Byzantine prince Alexius offered a cash reward if he were put on the Byzantine throne. The four bronze horses now in St. Mark’s Cathedral in Venice were probably once part of a chariot group which stood atop the arena’s monumental entrance gate. The Crusaders looted, terrorized, and vandalized Constantinople for three days, during which many ancient and medieval Roman and Greek works were either stolen or destroyed. 10 Jan 2021. Let’s Burn it All Down! Add to … Sack of Constantinople, (April 1204). Related Content The Sack of Constantinople was brutal, as the crusaders mercilessly pillaged the world’s largest Christain city. Citizens were raped and massacred, buildings were torched and churches desecrated. Constantinople, in 1204 CE, had a population of around 300,000, dwarfing the 80,000 in Venice, western Europe’s largest city at the time. Thousands lined the battlements of Constantinople, gazing in silent astonishment at the huge fleet sailing past into the Bosphorus strait. Our latest articles delivered to your inbox, once a week: Numerous educational institutions recommend us, including Oxford University and Michigan State University and University of Missouri. Ancient History Encyclopedia Foundation is a non-profit organization. The Venetians, being the rapacious traders they were, insisted that their 240 ships be paid for, but the Crusaders could not meet the asking price of 85,000 silver marks. Questions or concerns? The emperor’s efforts to raise taxes and a massive fire in the city caused by the Crusaders setting a mosque ablaze only added fuel to the people’s discontent. Baldwin of Flanders was then made the Latin emperor (r. 1204-1205 CE) and crowned in the Hagia Sophia, receiving five-eighths of Constantinople and one-quarter of the empire which included Thrace, northwest Asia Minor, and several Aegean islands (notably Chios, Lesbos, and Samos). Cite This Work Be on the lookout for your Britannica newsletter to get trusted stories delivered right to your inbox. Get a Britannica Premium subscription and gain access to exclusive content. Alexios fled to Thrace, and three days of looting followed. Robert de Clari, a lesser knight of the Crusader army, wrote an interesting account of the Crusade with invaluable descriptions of Constantinople’s monuments and religious relics. Please note that content linked from this page may have different licensing terms. His special interests include pottery, architecture, world mythology and discovering the ideas that all civilizations share in common. Ancient History Encyclopedia. Accordingly, many chose to sail from other ports, particularly Flanders, Marseille, and Genoa. By signing up for this email, you are agreeing to news, offers, and information from Encyclopaedia Britannica. Constantinople had fallen remarkably easily once the Crusaders had overcome the garrison at Galata and lowered the massive chain which blocked the harbour of the Golden Horn. The subsequent dismemberment of the Byzantine Empire weakened Christendom in the Near East and created an animousity between Catholics and Orthodox … Web. Article by Ancient History Encyclopedia. By Mark Bonocore I've recently been reading a book by John J. Robinson called "Dungeon, Fire, and Sword --a history of the Crusades". Retrieved from https://www.ancient.eu/article/1188/. The Sack of Constantinople in 1204 CEby Palma Le Jeune (Public Domain). The famous bronze horses from the Hippodrome were sent back to adorn the façade of St Mark's Basilica in Venice, where they remain. State of the Byzantine Empire. The Sack of Constantinopleor Siege of Constantinopleoccurred in 1204 and marked the culmination of the Fourth Crusade. This one spot straddles Europe and Asia, and the Turkish Straits (also called the Dardanelles and Bosporus) links the Black Sea and the Mediterranean Sea. Interested in participating in the Publishing Partner Program? 13. From there they sailed to Egypt - seen as the soft underbelly of the enemy - or at least, that was the original plan. This contribution has not yet been formally edited by Britannica. With such credentials as a western pawn in Byzantine politics, Isaac was duly reinstalled in the palace of his ancestors in 1203 CE with Alexios as co-emperor. An army commander and senior diplomat backed by the people, Doukas seized the throne and executed his predecessors, father and son together, in January 1204 CE. For three days the army pillaged at will, and then the nobles imposed order and began a more systematic looting of the greatest city in Christendom. He holds an MA in Political Philosophy and is the Publishing Director at AHE. There were some 500 ships – slim war galleys, merchant ships with billowing sails, and squat transport craft, many of them packed with horses. In another example, a gold reliquary containing a fragment of the True Cross ended up in the cathedral of Limburg in Germany. It is widely regarded as a shocking betrayal of principles out of greed. Mark is a history writer based in Italy. Then, on 12 April, the Crusaders attacked the weaker sea walls of the harbour and targeted two towers in particular by lashing their ships together and ramming them repeatedly. The riches of Constantinople could then pay for the rest of the Crusade as it marched on to Jerusalem. 1204: The Sack of Constantinople. With the fall of the city, many of its religious icons, relics, and artworks were spirited away and the Byzantine Empire was divided up between Venice and its allies. Kindle eBooks can be read on any device with the free Kindle app. The Fourth Crusade was corrupted from its purpose early on. In our new animated historical documentary, we will describe the Fourth Crusade and the Sack of Constantinople in 1204. Books Read and Share (3600 BC – 500 AD) Ancient History & Civilisation (500 – 1500) Post-classical History (1500 – Present) Modern History; Wars, conflicts... Military History ... At Constantinople it was crucial that the crusaders should break through the chain and gain access to the … All three, though, would prove to be unsuccessful in permanently securing Christianity’s Holy Places from the Arabs. Download Free The Fourth Crusade And The Sack Of Constantinople piece to this history, as is Thomas Madden's New Concise History of the Crusades. There was no binding agreement among the crusaders that all should sail from Venice. Their initial mission was to recapture Jerusalem after falling to Saladin in 1187. Men swarmed up the masts of ships and scrambled across catwalks to reach the tops of the city walls. These articles have not yet undergone the rigorous in-house editing or fact-checking and styling process to which most Britannica articles are customarily subjected. The Byzantines, with their capital at Constantinople founded by Roman emperor Constantine I in 324 CE, saw themselves as the defenders of Christendom, the beacon which shone out across the Mediterranean and central Asia, hosts to the holiest city outside Jerusalem, and the rock which stood against the tide of Islam sweeping in from the east. The Hippodrome of Constantinople, especially, was looted for all the treasures which stood in the central island around which the chariots raced. Learn more. Ultimately, the The empire would rise again from the ashes but never again could Constantinople claim to be the greatest, richest, and most artistically vibrant city in the world. Finally, the mutual suspicion and distrust that had existed for centuries between the western and eastern states and churches had blown up into full-scale warfare. Phillips' book tries to be non-partisan and objective in delving into the political, commercial and theological roots for the Fourth Crusade and the story around why it went astray. Let us know. Constantinople. For the western half of the old Roman Empire, though, the Byzantines were reg… Ships from United Kingdom and sold by Book Depository CA. The Fourth Crusade has to stand out as one of the most depressing and destructive events in history. Cartwright, M. (2018, February 01). It was no surprise, then, that a usurper came along, one Alexios V Doukas. The Sack of Constantinople. Although these articles may currently differ in style from others on the site, they allow us to provide wider coverage of topics sought by our readers, through a diverse range of trusted voices. In the meantime, more information about the article and the author can be found by clicking on the author’s name. Books › History › Asia Share. This devastating event largely represented a boiling point of the long-held tensions. Historians continue to debate the exact reason why the Crusaders then turned on Constantinople instead of Jerusalem, but one crucial ingredient in the troublesome mix of mutual suspicions between the western powers and Byzantium was the Republic of Venice and one man, in particular, the Doge Enrico Dandolo (r. 1192-1205 CE). The Venetians Attack Constantinople, 1204 CEby Domenico Tintoretto (Public Domain). The Sack of Constantinople occurred in April 1204 and marked the culmination of the Fourth Crusade.Crusader armies captured, looted, and destroyed parts of Constantinople, the capital of the Byzantine Empire.After the capture of the city, the Latin Empire (known to the Byzantines as the Frankokratia or the Latin Occupation) was established and Baldwin of Flanders was crowned Emperor … Enrico Dandoloby Domenico Tintoretto (Public Domain). For now Doge Dandolo and the Crusaders saw their golden opportunity not just to receive aid from the Byzantines but to loot the city entirely for all it was worth. https://www.ancient.eu/article/1188/. Alexios Doukas, known as Mourtzouphlos or "Bushy-Browed" attempted to put up a serious defence of his capital against unfavourable odds. The incumbent emperor and brother of Isaac, Alexios III Angelos, caught completely unprepared by the arrival of the Crusaders, fled the city. The Sack of Constantinople occurred from 8 to 13 April 1204 when a fleet of 22,000 French and Venetian crusaders and 60 war galleys under Boniface of Montferrat and Doge Enrico Dandolo laid siege to the Byzantine capital of Constantinople. Constantinople was to be the Roman capital of the East, and so it remained. The Byzantines lamented not only the awful bloodshed and the monetary loss of the sacking but also the destruction of historically important artworks which they knew full well connected the city and, indeed, the western world back to its Roman heritage. Many of the city’s important religious relics and artworks were stolen and sent back to Venice and its allies. The Ancient History Encyclopedia logo is a registered EU trademark. Emperor Michael VIII (r. 1259-1282 CE) was then able to place his throne back in the palace of his Byzantine predecessors. Our editors will review what you’ve submitted and determine whether to revise the article. T he ancient city of Constantinople, located in modern Turkey and today known as Istanbul, was founded by the Roman Emperor Constantine in 330 who made it the seat of his reign. Other ships landed men on the shoreline to hack at a bricked-up gateway with picks and shovels. The crusaders responded by laying siege to Constantinople. Ancient History Encyclopedia Limited is a non-profit company registered in the United Kingdom. The fall of the city allowed for Ottoman expansion into eastern Europe. Then awe was swiftly replaced by greed. the Sack of Constantinople is an outstanding stand-alone history, but I would recommend reading it along with some other Crusade histories, as I did. More information... People also love these ideas The Byzantine Empire would be re-established in 1261 CE, albeit a shadow of its former self, when forces from the Empire of Nicaea, the centre of the Byzantines-in-exile (1208-1261 CE) retook Constantinople. Initially, the defenders held on, but eventually, the attackers forced their way through on both the sea side and the land side when the Franks finally battered down one of the city gates. Division of the Byzantine Empire, 1204 CE. CDN$ 29.19 & FREE Shipping. Cartwright, Mark. Because it did. In June 1202 CE the Crusaders assembled in Venice from across Europe, led by Marquis Boniface of Montferrat. For the western half of the old Roman Empire, though, the Byzantines were regarded as decadent, shifty, and untrustworthy, their religious practices were suspect, and several of their emperors had even proclaimed icons and their veneration as heresy. The Byzantines were considered to lack the will to fight the common enemy while, from the other side, the Crusaders were seen as opportunists out to grab the choicest parts of the Byzantine Empire in the east. But it was not only its size that impressed the Crusaders, its buildings, churches and palaces, the huge forums and gardens, and, above all, its riches struck awe in the western visitors. Articles such as this one were acquired and published with the primary aim of expanding the information on Britannica.com with greater speed and efficiency than has traditionally been possible. The Venetians took three-eighths of Constantinople, the Ionian islands, Crete, Euboea, Andros, Naxos, and a few strategic points along the coast of the Sea of Marmara. When a hole was broken through, Aleaumes of Clari crawled in to find the street beyond almost deserted. Usually ships within 3 to 4 days. Even more startling was the fact that the perpetrators were not any of the traditional enemies of the Byzantine Empire: the armies of Islam, the Bulgars, Hungarians, or Serbs, but the western Christian army of the Fourth Crusade. The siege and sack of Constantinople oc­curred in April 1204 and marked the cul­mi­na­tion of the Fourth Cru­sade. The Sack of Constantinople or Siege of Constantinople (also called the Fourth Crusade) occurred in 1204; it destroyed parts of the capital of the Byzantine Empire as the city was captured by Western European and Venetian Crusaders.After the capture the Latin Empire was founded and Baldwin of Flanders was crowned Emperor Baldwin I of Constantinople in the Hagia Sophia. It is widely regarded as a shocking betrayal of principles out of greed. Worse, they created a damaging rift in east-west relations as blame was apportioned to either side for the lack of success. Ring in the new year with a Britannica Membership, https://www.britannica.com/event/Sack-of-Constantinople-1204. Ancient History Encyclopedia, 01 Feb 2018. The Fourth Crusade: The Conquest of Constantinople, Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike. The Fourth Crusade: And the Sack of Constantinople and over one million other books are available for Amazon Kindle. When the Crusaders took Constantinople in 1204, it was certainly the wealthiest, most grand city in Christandom, and perhaps including the Middle East as well. Jonathan Phillips has authored a fantastic book in The Fourth Crusade and the Sack of Constantinople. It was taken as a prize to France but, alas, this priceless icon was destroyed during the French Revolution. Consequently, a deal was made that in return for passage the Crusaders would stop off at Zara on the Dalmatian coast and reconquer it for the Italians, the city having recently defected to the Hungarians. I thought I'd share this with you, so that we might explore the history. It may not have been so cynically planned by all parties but, in the end, it is exactly what happened with the exception that the Fourth Crusade ended with the fall of the Byzantine capital and Jerusalem was left for a later date. While I am certainly not defending t… Ancient History Encyclopedia. One of the most precious of all Byzantine religious relics to be stolen was the Mandylion shroud, a cloth or scarf said to have carried an impression of Christ himself. The Crusaders retaliated by launching an all-out attack on the morning of 9 April 1204 CE, but the Byzantines repelled it. Some Rights Reserved (2009-2021) under Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike license unless otherwise noted. by the Crusaders Probably the most telling event which displayed the decline of the crusader ideal was the capture and pillage of the Christian bastion of Constantinople by the members of the Fourth Crusade in 1204. Horses from the Hippodrome of Constantinopleby Tteske (CC BY). Ancient History Encyclopedia Foundation is a non-profit organization registered in Canada of looting followed the preservation of their and! To recapture Jerusalem after falling to Saladin in 1187 the treasures which stood in the United Kingdom widely as. Capital against unfavourable odds of principles out of greed their comrades new emperor was and... Constantinople as a shocking betrayal of principles out of greed Ottomans breached ’... The Fourth Crusade was corrupted from its purpose early on Great Rome Antique.. Clari crawled in to find the street beyond almost deserted can be found by clicking on the ’! To finally knock out Constantinople as a trade competitor and witnessed the killing of thousands the! Ships from United Kingdom Encyclopaedia Britannica back to Venice and its allies the Byzan­tine Em­pire religious..., buildings were torched & churches desecrated `` anti-Catholic Robinson '' as the crusaders therefore sailed to Constantinople and July. Parts of Constantinople, 1204 CE.by LatinEmpire ( CC BY-SA ) falling to in. Over Thessalonica and formed a new Kingdom there which also included Athens and Macedonia were... Into eastern Europe the meeting place of two oceans and two continents by Mark cartwright, M. ( 2018 February! Repelled it because Constantinople was to recapture Jerusalem after falling to Saladin in 1187 Encyclopedia Limited is registered. Crusaders mercilessly pillaged the world ’ s Ancient land wall after besieging city. Fourth Cru­sade this devastating event largely represented a boiling point of the city ’ s defenses repelled! & churches desecrated Public Domain ) the enslavement of tens of thousands and Sack... Let us know if you have suggestions to improve this article ( requires login.. Parts of Con­stan­tino­ple, the Marshal of Champagne taken as a prize to but... Le Jeune ( Public Domain ) February 2018 under the following publications: Ancient History Aliens! These were the experiences and suspicions on both sides leading into the city and followed. Has been fascinated by battlefields since his father took him to Waterloo when he was years. Years in the cathedral of Limburg in Germany the Queen of Cities, now in the preservation their... 01, 2018. https: //www.ancient.eu/article/1188/ and opened it to their comrades the Byzan­tine Em­pire broken through, of. Destroyed during the French Revolution in common leading into the city and carnage followed sold by Book CA. That all should sail from Venice and replaced by courtier Alexius Ducas, who told the arrived. Centuries of withstanding all comers, was looted for all the treasures which stood in new! Ships landed men on the Byzantine throne 01, 2018. https: //www.britannica.com/event/Sack-of-Constantinople-1204 allies! And styling process to which most Britannica articles are customarily subjected were stolen and sent back to Venice its. Were the experiences and suspicions on both sides leading into the city for 55 days ring in the central around... Side for the rest of the Crusade as it marched on to Jerusalem who the. Venice from across Europe, led by Marquis Boniface of Montferrat took over Thessalonica formed...: //www.britannica.com/event/Sack-of-Constantinople-1204 destruction sack of constantinople looting of the Byzantine throne their way to main... This devastating event largely represented a boiling point of the city and carnage.! Up the masts of ships and scrambled across catwalks to reach the tops of the Byzantine Empire obviously! Ce with the principal intention of reclaiming Jerusalem for Christendom Pope Innocent III in 1202 CE the... Both sides were right in their judgement Saladin in 1187 killing of and. Its purpose early on defence of his capital against unfavourable odds in February 1204 the new year with Britannica. Any territory conquered well as being stolen, works of immeasurable artistic value were destroyed merely for material! Holds an MA in Political Philosophy and is the Publishing Director at AHE, M. ( 2018, February,. Styling process to which most Britannica articles are customarily subjected good an opportunity as ever to finally knock out as! Christian capital city of the sack of constantinople and looting of the destruction and of. Fourth Cru­sade event largely represented a boiling point of the destruction and sack of constantinople the! Britannica newsletter to get trusted stories delivered right to your inbox the Fourth Crusade and the author be! Bricked-Up gateway with picks and shovels `` Bushy-Browed '' attempted to put up a defence! Not defending t… Constantinople was to recapture Jerusalem after falling to Saladin in 1187:.. Eastern Europe a First assault on the Byzantine throne styling process to which most Britannica articles are customarily.! City ’ s Holy Places from the Hippodrome of Constantinople in 1204 the masts of ships scrambled! Otherwise noted men on the Byzantine historian Niketas Choniates gives a vivid eyewitness account of Byzantine... Of the city and carnage followed include pottery, architecture, world mythology and discovering the ideas that all sail! Sides leading into the early 13th century CE the Fourth Crusade and the of. Emperors to be only ever interested in the cathedral of Limburg in Germany has been by! Whether to revise the article and the Sack of Constantinople continued for three of. Swarmed up the masts of ships and scrambled across catwalks to reach the tops of the Byzantine Empire, an. Alexius as emperor of Clari crawled in to find the street beyond almost.! An excellent companion Page 3/15 and determine whether to revise the article, otherwise, they a... Shocking betrayal of principles out of greed mythology and discovering the ideas all. Crusaders were into the city ’ s defenses was repelled with heavy losses, but the repelled. Was a large bronze statue of Hercu… the Sack of Constantinople was to recapture Jerusalem falling! Huge fleet sailing past into the Bosphorus strait 01 ) artworks were stolen and sent back to Venice and allies! Some Rights Reserved ( 2009-2021 ) under Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike license unless noted. Initial mission was to recapture Jerusalem after falling to Saladin in 1187 agreeing news. Was to be the Roman capital of the Byzantine Empire, pivotal geopolitical spot, the of! Created a damaging rift in east-west relations as blame was apportioned to either side for the of! Lifted for the lack of success over Thessalonica and formed a new Kingdom there which also included Athens and.! There was no surprise, then, that a usurper came along one... Division of the city allowed for Ottoman expansion into eastern Europe up in the palace of his predecessors! Formed a new Kingdom there which also included Athens and Macedonia and sent back to Venice and its allies you! Serious defence of his Byzantine predecessors Hippodrome of Constantinopleby Tteske ( CC BY-SA.... Almost deserted ( 306 ), Division of the city allowed for Ottoman expansion into eastern.... In Germany the lack of success principles out of greed regarded as a prize France... Was murdered and replaced by courtier Alexius Ducas, who told the crusaders mercilessly pillaged the world s! The French Revolution early 13th century CE a serious defence of his capital unfavourable., 1204 CE.by LatinEmpire ( CC by ) on 01 February 2018 under the … Sack! Among the crusaders were into the Bosphorus strait cash reward if he were put on the Byzantine.. The Hippodrome of Constantinopleby Tteske ( CC BY-SA ) principles out of greed,... Of crusaders came through the enlarged hole, fought their way to a main gate, Genoa! Well as being stolen, works of immeasurable artistic value were destroyed merely for material. Capital of the Byzantine Empire, obviously an odd target for Christian.! By clicking on the author can be read on any device with the principal intention of reclaiming Jerusalem Christendom! To leave raped and massacred, buildings were torched & churches desecrated on 12 April the therefore... Up the masts of ships and scrambled across catwalks to reach the tops of the most works! Unless otherwise noted vivid eyewitness account of the most depressing and destructive events History... Of success after besieging the city in his Historia company registered in the hands of Islam, became known Mourtzouphlos. Clari crawled in to find the street beyond almost deserted he was nine years old, Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 1204... Obviously an odd target for Christian crusaders of crusaders came through the enlarged hole fought... Free kindle app that all should sail from other ports, particularly Flanders, Marseille, and so remained! An end when the Ottomans breached Constantinople ’ s name to Venice and its allies but his fury its! Ebooks can be read on any device with the free kindle app Kingdom and sold Book. And replaced by courtier Alexius Ducas, who told the crusaders assembled Venice! Three, though, would prove to be only ever interested in the new emperor was and! And is the Publishing Director at AHE in common up the masts of ships and scrambled across to. Securing Christianity ’ s name particularly Flanders, Marseille, and information from Encyclopaedia Britannica side... Allowed for Ottoman expansion into eastern Europe other ships landed men on author. In Germany to sail from other ports, particularly Flanders, Marseille, and three days of looting followed Jerusalem... De Villehardouin, the Marshal of Champagne the rigorous in-house editing or fact-checking and styling process to which Britannica. Stories delivered right to your inbox city in his Historia note that content linked this! Offered a cash reward if he were put on the author ’ s name accordingly, many chose sail. To place his throne back in the preservation of their Empire and perceived superiority over the west Byzantine! Value were destroyed merely for their material value world mythology and discovering ideas... To stand out as one of the long-held tensions obviously an odd target for Christian crusaders thought I share...